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Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship
''Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship: compatibility between cultural and biological approaches'' is a book on human kinship and social behavior by Maximilian Holland, published in 2012. The work synthesizes the perspectives of evolutionary biology, psychology and sociocultural anthropology towards understanding human social bonding and cooperative behavior. It presents a theoretical treatment that many consider to have resolved longstanding questions about the proper place of genetic (or 'blood') connections in human kinship and social relations, and a synthesis that ''"should inspire more nuanced ventures in applying Darwinian approaches to sociocultural anthropology"''.〔Philip Kitcher comment (book cover), |url=http://www.amazon.com/Social-Bonding-Nurture-Kinship-Compatibility/dp/1480182001〕 The book has been called ''"A landmark in the field of evolutionary biology"'' which ''"gets to the heart of the matter concerning the contentious relationship between kinship categories, genetic relatedness and the prediction of behavior"'',〔Robin Fox comment (book cover), |url=http://www.amazon.com/Social-Bonding-Nurture-Kinship-Compatibility/dp/1480182001〕 ''"places genetic determinism in the correct perspective"''〔 and serves as ''"a shining example of what can be achieved when excellent scholars engage fully across disciplinary boundaries."''
The aim of the book is to show that ''"properly interpreted, cultural anthropology approaches (and ethnographic data) and biological approaches are perfectly compatible regarding processes of social bonding in humans."''〔Maximilian Holland 2012, Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship: Compatibility between Cultural and Biological Approaches, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, North Charleston. Pages 283-284〕 Holland's position is based on demonstrating that the dominant biological theory of social behavior (inclusive fitness theory) is typically misunderstood to predict that genetic ties are necessary for the ''expression'' of social behaviors, whereas in fact the theory only implicates genetic associations as necessary for the ''evolution'' of social behaviors. Whilst rigorous evolutionary biologists have long understood the distinction between these levels of analysis (see Tinbergen's four questions), past attempts to apply inclusive fitness theory to humans have often overlooked the distinction between ''evolution'' and ''expression''.〔Maximilian Holland 2012, Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship: Compatibility between Cultural and Biological Approaches, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, North Charleston. Chapter 9〕
Beyond its central argument, the broader philosophical implications of Holland’s work are considered by commentators to be that it both ''“helps to untangle a long-standing disciplinary muddle”''〔 and ''“clarifies the relationship between biological and sociocultural approaches to human kinship.”''〔Sarah Hrdy comment (book description), |url=http://www.amazon.com/Social-Bonding-Nurture-Kinship-Compatibility/dp/1480182001〕 It is claimed that the book ''“demonstrates that an alternative non-deterministic interpretation of evolutionary biology is more compatible with actual human social behavior and with the frameworks that sociocultural anthropology employs”''〔Kirk Endicott comment (book description), |url=http://www.amazon.com/Social-Bonding-Nurture-Kinship-Compatibility/dp/1480182001〕 and as a consequence, delivers ''“a convincing, solid and informed blow to the residual genetic determinism that still influences the interpretation of social behaviour.”''〔
==Synopsis==
The book's form consists of a cumulative argument (using a wide range of supporting evidence) made over nine chapters, with each chapter ending in a brief retrospective summary, and the final chapter containing a recapitulation and summary of the whole,〔This synopsis is based mainly on the book's chapter summaries and concluding chapter〕 and drawing some wider conclusions.
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